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    • 专利摘要:
    battery charging method and battery management system is a battery charging method which includes obtaining a voltage capacity ratio for a c reference load rate and voltage capacity ratios for n (where n is an integer of 1 or more) load rates c greater than the reference load rate c, where each of the voltage capacity ratios for the reference load rate c and the n load rates c are defined as a ratio of a voltage change to a capacity change depending on a change in charge state (soc) of a battery (1 °) when the battery (1 °) is charged at a rate corresponding to the rates c , compared to the tensile strength ratio of the reference load rate c with each of the tensile strength ratios of the n load c rates, and then adjusting a load c rate of the n load c rates so that a difference in cap ratio voltage acity is minimized for each of the soc sections, and charge the battery (1 °) with the load rates c corresponding to the soc.
    公开号:BR102015011495A2
    申请号:R102015011495-8
    申请日:2015-05-19
    公开日:2018-03-06
    发明作者:Baek Hoyul；Cheong Kyeongbeom；Suh Seungbum；Jang Yoohong
    申请人:Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) Title: BATTERY CHARGING METHOD AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.
    (51) Int. Cl .: H02J 7/04; H01M 10/44 (30) Unionist Priority: 20/05/2014 KR 102014-0060560 (73) Holder (s): SAMSUNG SDI CO., LTD.
    (72) Inventor (s): HOYUL BAEK;
    KYEONGBEOM CHEONG; SEUNGBUM SUH; YOOHONG JANG (74) Attorney (s): JULIANO RYOTA MURAKAMI (57) Summary: BATTERY CHARGING METHOD AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM This is a battery charging method, which includes obtaining a voltage capacity ratio for a reference load rate C and stress capacity ratios for N (where N is an integer of 1 or more) load rates greater than the reference load rate C, where each of the voltage capacity for reference C charge rate and N charge C rates are defined as a ratio of a voltage change to a change in capacity depending on a change in charge state (SOC) of a battery (1 O ) when the battery (1 O) is charged at a corresponding rate among the C rates, compared to the voltage capacity ratio of the reference charge rate C with each of the voltage capacity ratios of the N charge rates C, and then adjust a charge C rate of the N charge C rates of m so that a difference in voltage capacity is minimized for each of the SOC sections, and charge the battery (10) with the corresponding charge rates C (...)
    (TIME)
    1/25 “BATTERY CHARGING METHOD AND BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”
    Cross Reference to Related Order [001] This order claims priority over and benefit from Patent Application No. 2 KR 10-2014-0060560, filed on May 20, 2014, at the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the content of which is incorporated in this document in its entirety as a reference.
    Field of Invention [002] The present invention relates to a battery charging method and a battery management system for the same.
    Background to the Invention [003] Recently, as technology for handheld devices, such as portable computers, mobile phones or cameras, is developed and the demand for handheld devices is high, the demand for secondary batteries as a power source is also increasing. growing rapidly.
    [004] Since the secondary battery is rechargeable, it can be used continuously for recharging even though the battery has been discharged. Thus, the secondary battery varies in performance depending on the state of charge. Therefore, efforts were made to improve the charging method and thereby improve the performance of the secondary battery.
    [005] Figure 1 is a diagram showing a direct current / direct voltage charging method (hereinafter called a CCCV method), which is one of the comparable methods of charging the secondary battery. Figure 1 shows changes in voltage and temperature when a loading operation is performed under the control of
    2/25 current as shown in the drawing. In an initial charging stage, first, direct current (DC) charging is performed. That is, assuming that a current value of the battery, which requires an hour to change from a fully charged state to a discharged state, is the 1C rate, charging is carried out with a continuous current rate of about 0.5 C, for example. Until the voltage is raised by the charging operation to reach a predefined Vc voltage, for example, 4.2 V, the DC charging is continued. When the voltage reaches the predefined Vc voltage, the charging operation is switched to DC voltage charging. Therefore, the charging operation is carried out while a charging current is reduced, in order to maintain the preset voltage Vc.
    [006] In order to achieve fast charging in the CCCV charging method, the CC charging rate of the CC charging must be adjusted to a large value. However, the higher the C rate, the greater the heat dissipation and degradation rate of the secondary battery. Consequently, the output and the capacity of the secondary battery can be undesirably reduced.
    Description of the Invention [007] Accordingly, the present invention has been made with the above problems occurring in the related art in mind, and one aspect of one or more embodiments of the present invention is to provide a battery charging method and a charging system. battery management for them, which have the ability to reduce or prevent battery degradation and allow fast battery charging.
    [008] Other aspects and characteristics of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the achievements below.
    [009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is
    3/25 provided a battery charging method, which includes: obtaining a voltage capacity ratio for a reference charge rate C and voltage capacity ratios for N (where N is an integer of 1 or more) C load rates higher than the reference load C rate, where each of the stress capacity ratios for the reference load C rate and the N load C rates are defined as a ratio of a voltage variation for a change in capacity depending on a change in the state of charge (SOC) of a battery when the battery is charged at a corresponding rate within the C rates; compare the stress capacity ratio of the reference load C rate to each of the stress capacity ratios of the N load C rates, and then adjust a load C rate of the N load C rates so that a difference in voltage capacity ratio is minimized for each of the SOC sections; and charge the battery with the C charge rates corresponding to the SOC sections.
    [010] In one embodiment, obtaining the voltage capacity ratios includes: charging the battery with the reference charge rate C, and then obtaining the voltage capacity ratio to the reference charge rate C; and discharge the battery and then charge the battery with a first charge rate C higher than the rate C of a previous charging act by a predefined value, thereby obtaining a corresponding ratio among the voltage capacity ratios for the first charge rate C, in which the discharge and recharge of the battery are repeated N times in order to obtain the voltage capacity ratios for the first charge rate C for an Nth charge rate C.
    [011] In one embodiment, battery discharge is performed by discharging direct current-direct voltage (CCCV).
    [012] In one embodiment, comparing the voltage capacity ratio includes: selecting a SOC section in which a
    4/25 difference in voltage capacity ratio between the reference C charge rate and the Nth charge C rate is within a predefined range, for all battery SOC sections, and then adjust a C rate of load of the SOC section selected for the Nth load rate C; and select a SOC section in which a difference in voltage capacity between the reference load C rate and a (N-1) th load rate C is within a predefined range, for SOC sections other than the section of SOC selected, and then set a load rate C of the selected SOC section to the (Nl) -th rate C load, where the selection of the SOC section is performed repeatedly for a (N-2) -th rate Charge C for the first charge rate C in substantially the same manner.
    [013] In one embodiment, a C load rate of a section of the SOC sections in which any of the N C load rates that are not adjusted is adjusted to the reference C load rate.
    [014] In one embodiment, while charging the battery, the charging of direct current (DC) or charging of direct current-direct voltage (CCCV) is performed in each of the SOC sections with the use of a corresponding rate among load C rates.
    [015] In one embodiment, when battery charging is performed by DC charging, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is provided with a corresponding rate within the C charge rates and is then charged until a battery voltage achieve a set load shedding voltage for the first SOC section.
    [016] In one embodiment, when the battery is charged at the charge rate C corresponding to the first SOC section, a charge cut-off voltage set for the first SOC section is a voltage at which the battery SOC becomes a SOC end of the first SOC section.
    5/25 [017] In one embodiment, when the battery charging is performed by charging the CCCV, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is subjected to the CC charging providing the corresponding rate among the C charge rates up to that the battery voltage becomes a set voltage cutoff for the first SOC section, and be subjected to continuous voltage (CV) charging by providing a charge rate C that is reduced sequentially until the battery SOC become a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [018] In one embodiment, the load shedding voltage set for the first SOC section is a voltage at which the SOC of the battery becomes the final SOC of the first SOC section, when the battery is charged at an adjusted C rate for a second SOC section which is a section subsequent to the first SOC section.
    [019] In one embodiment, the charge rate C, which is reduced sequentially, is reduced to the charge rate C adjusted for the SOC section that is subsequent to the first SOC section.
    [020] In one embodiment, when a number of battery charging and discharging operations reaches a predefined amount, obtaining the voltage capacity ratios and comparing the voltage capacity ratio are performed again to readjust the charge rates C corresponding to the SOC sections.
    [021] In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a battery management system is provided, which includes: a voltage capacity ratio acquisition unit configured to obtain a voltage capacity ratio for a charge rate of C reference and stress capacity ratios for N (where N is an integer of 1 or more) C load rates greater than the reference load C rate, where each of the stress capacity ratios for the rate Load C
    6/25 reference and the N charge C rates are defined as a ratio of a voltage change to a capacity change depending on a change in SOC of a battery when the battery is charged at a corresponding rate among the C rates; a load current adjustment unit configured to compare the voltage capacity ratio of the reference load C rate with each of the voltage capacity ratios of the N load C rates, and then adjust a load C rate of the N load load C rates so that a difference in voltage capacity is minimized for each of the SOC sections; and a microcontroller unit (MCU) configured to control battery charging so that the battery is charged at the C charge rates corresponding to the SOC sections.
    [022] In one embodiment, the battery management system additionally includes: a detection unit configured to detect a battery voltage and current, in which the voltage capacity ratio acquisition unit obtains a corresponding ratio among the reasons voltage capacity of any of the C charge rates using the voltage and current that are detected by the detection unit, when the battery is charged using any of the reference C charge rate and N C charge rates.
    [023] In one embodiment, the MCU is configured to perform CC loading or CCCV loading for each SOC section, using a corresponding rate among the C loading rates.
    [024] In one embodiment, when battery charging is performed by DC charging, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is subjected to DC charging providing a corresponding rate among the C charge rates until a voltage of the battery becomes a set load shedding voltage for the first SOC section.
    7/25 [025] In one embodiment, when the battery is charged at the C charge rate corresponding to the first SOC section, the load cutoff voltage set for the first SOC section is a voltage at which the SOC of the battery is makes it a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [026] In one embodiment, when the battery charging is performed by charging the CCCV, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is subjected to the DC charging providing the corresponding rate among the C charge rates until the voltage of the battery becomes a load shedding voltage adjusted for the first SOC section, and is subjected to CV loading by providing the charge rate C which is reduced sequentially until the SOC of the battery becomes a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [027] In one embodiment, the load shedding voltage set for the first SOC section is a voltage at which the SOC of the battery becomes the final SOC of the first SOC section, when the battery is charged at an adjusted C rate for a second SOC section which is a section subsequent to the first SOC section.
    [028] In one embodiment, the C charge rate that is reduced is reduced to the C charge rate adjusted for the SOC section that is subsequent to a first SOC section of the SOC sections.
    [029] As is evident from the description above, the present invention is similar in relation to battery degradation to conventional slow charging while reducing battery charging time.
    Brief Description of the Drawings [030] Exemplary embodiments will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, they can be done in different ways and should not be
    8/25 interpreted as limiting the achievements presented in this document. Instead, these achievements are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the exemplary achievements to those skilled in the art.
    [031] In the Figures, the dimensions may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration. Similar reference numbers refer to similar elements throughout the document.
    [032] Figure 1 is a view showing a direct current / direct voltage (CCCV) charging method which is one of the comparable secondary battery charging methods;
    [033] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a battery management system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
    [034] Figure 3 is a diagram showing voltage capacity ratios for a plurality of C rates in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
    [035] Figure 4 is a diagram showing a method in which direct current (DC) charging is performed on each state of charge (SOC) section in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
    [036] Figure 5 is a diagram showing a method in which CCCV loading is performed on each section of SOC in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
    [037] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a comparison between a capacity recovery rate when slow loading or fast loading is repeated and a capacity recovery rate when the loading method of the present invention is applied; and [038] Figure 7 is a flowchart showing an entire process of a battery charging method according to an
    9/25 the present invention.
    Description of Embodiments of the Invention [039] Some exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    [040] The aforementioned features and aspects of the present invention, among others, will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the exemplary embodiments of the present inventions are shown. Although some exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described using specific terms, such description is for illustrative purposes, and it should be understood that changes and variations can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the following claims. In addition, it should be understood that parts, which are not essential for a complete understanding of the present invention, can be omitted from the drawings for clarity of description. Similar reference numbers are used to identify similar elements throughout all the different drawings.
    [041] It will be understood that, although the terms “first”, “second”, “third, etc., can be used in this document to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. In this way, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be replaced by a second element, component, region, layer or section, without departing from the spirit and scope of the concept of the invention.
    [042] The terminology used in this document is intended to describe particular achievements and is not intended to be
    10/25 limiting the concept of the invention. As used in this document, the singular forms “one and“ one ”are intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "includes", "that includes", "understands" and / or "that understands", when used in this specification, specify the presence of certain resources, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other resources, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups of them. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as "at least one of", when they precede a list of elements, modify the entire list of elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list. Additionally, the use of "can" when describing realizations of the concept of the invention refers to "one or more realizations of the concept of the invention".
    [043] It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as "over", "connected to", "coupled to", or "adjacent to" another element or layer, it can be directly over, connected to , coupled to, or adjacent to the other element or layer, or one or more elements or layers interspersed may be present. When an element or layer is referred to as "directly on", "directly connected to", "directly coupled to", or "immediately adjacent to" another element or layer, there are no interleaved elements or layers present.
    [044] As used herein, the term "substantially", "about" and similar terms are used as approximation terms and not as degree terms, and are intended to account for the inherent variations in calculated or measured values that may to be
    11/25 recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.
    [045] As used in this document, the terms "use", "using" and "used" can be considered synonymous with the terms "use", "using" and "used", respectively.
    [046] In addition, any numerical range referred to in this document is intended to include all sub-ranges of the same numerical precision contained within the referred range. For example, a “1.0 to 10.0” range is intended to include all sub-ranges between (and which include) the minimum referred value of 1.0 and the maximum referred value of 10.0, that is, having a minimum value equal to or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0, such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limitation stated in this document is intended to include all the lowest numerical limitations contained therein and any minimum numerical limitation referred to in this specification is intended to include all highest numerical limitations contained herein. Accordingly, the Claimant has the right reserved to amend this specification, which includes the claims, to expressly recite any sub-band contained within the ranges expressly recited in this document.
    [047] The battery management system and / or any other relevant devices or components in accordance with realizations of the present invention described in this document can be deployed using any suitable hardware, firmware (for example, an application integrated circuit specific), software, or an appropriate combination of software, firmware and hardware. For example, the various components of the battery management system can be formed on an integrated circuit (IC) chip or on separate IC chips. Additionally, the various components of the battery management system can be implanted in a flexible printed circuit film, a
    12/25 tape loading package (TCP), a printed circuit board (PCB) or formed on the same substrate as the battery management system. Additionally, the various components of the battery management system can be a process or thread (thread), executed on one or more processors, on one or more computing devices, which execute computer program instructions and interact with other system components. to perform the various features described in this document. Computer program instructions are stored in memory that can be deployed to a computing device using a standard memory device, such as, for example, random access memory (RAM). Computer program instructions can also be stored in another non-transitory computer-readable medium such as, for example, a CD-ROM, fast memory unit, or the like. In addition, an individual skilled in the art must recognize that the functionality of multiple computing devices can be combined or integrated into a single computing device, or the functionality of a particular computing device can be distributed through one or more other computing devices. computing without departing from the scope of the exemplary achievements of the present invention.
    [048] The present invention relates to a battery charging method and a battery management system for the same, which have the capacity to reduce or minimize the degradation of a battery, that is, the reduction in capacity and output of the battery, and to perform the fast loading of the battery.
    [049] In accordance with embodiments of the present invention, in order to find suitable conditions for fast loading, a variation of ratio of a voltage to a variation of capacity, that is, a ratio of
    13/25 voltage / capacity, depending on a change in the charge state (SOC), is obtained for a plurality of C rates. The voltage capacity ratio for a reference charge C rate that serves as the slow charging reference it is compared to stress capacity ratios of the plurality of C rates that are greater than the reference load C rate. The load C rates are adjusted to reduce or minimize a difference in voltage capacity for each of the SOC sections. Then, the battery is charged at the charge rate C which is adjusted for each section of SOC. Therefore, it is possible to maintain performance that is similar to slow loading performance, and additionally, reduce loading time.
    [050] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
    [051] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a battery management system 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
    [052] Referring to Figure 2, the battery management system 100 may include a microcontroller unit (MCU) 110, a detection unit 120, a voltage capacity ratio acquisition unit 130 and a voltage adjustment unit. charging current 140.
    [053] MCU 110 is used to manage and control all battery charging and discharge 10.
    [054] The detection unit 120 measures the current and voltage output of the battery 10 using a current sensor and a voltage sensor.
    [055] The voltage capacity ratio acquisition unit 130 obtains voltage capacity ratios from the reference load rate C for slow loading and N (where N is an integer of 1 or more) load rates C , which are higher than the reference charge rate C.
    [056] Here, rate C refers to a current rate, which is a
    14/25 unit to adjust a current value and predict or mark the battery's available time under various conditions when the battery is charged or discharged. The current value that depends on the C rate is calculated by dividing the charging or discharging current by the rated capacity of the battery. Rate C uses C in units, and satisfies Equation 1 below.
    Equation 1 rate C = charge and discharge current / rated battery capacity [057] The ratio of voltage capacity to charge rate C can be defined as a value that is obtained by dividing a voltage variation depending on a change in state of charge (SOC) by a change in capacity depending on the change in SOC, and can be expressed as Equation 2 below.
    Equation 2 voltage capacity ratio = dV / dQ [058] where dV denotes the change in voltage depending on the change in SOC, and dQ denotes the change in capacity depending on the change in SOC.
    [059] The voltage capacity ratio acquisition unit 130 charges the battery with the reference charge rate C for slow charging, and then obtains the voltage capacity ratio for the reference charge rate C. Here, the voltage capacity ratio acquisition unit 130 can obtain the voltage capacity ratio using a voltage and current that are input from the detection unit 120 while the battery is charged at charge rate C of reference.
    [060] Subsequently, after the battery is discharged, the battery is charged at a first charge rate C that is raised to be higher than the charge rate of a previous charging step by a predefined value, thereby obtaining the voltage capacity ratio for
    15/25 the first charge rate C.
    [061] Then, while the loading process is repeated with the unloading and high load C rate, it is possible to obtain the voltage capacity ratio for each of the N predefined C load rates. Thus, among the N charge rates C, a first charge rate C is the lowest value of all and an Nth rate C charge is the highest value of all.
    [062] Here, the battery can be discharged by discharging direct current / direct voltage (hereinafter called CCCV). The reason is as follows: when the discharge rate C increases as the direct current discharge (hereinafter, called DC) is carried out, the battery quickly reaches a cut-off voltage due to an increase in voltage overload, the which leads to a reduction in discharge capacity.
    [063] Since the stress capacity ratios of C charge rates are based on the electrochemical properties of substances, a change in stress capacity ratio refers to a change in substance properties. That is, it can be assumed that when the stress capacity ratios for the different charge C rates are similar to each other, the properties of the substances are similarly similar to each other. Thus, when the SOC is divided into a number of sections using similarity in terms of voltage capacity between the reference load C rate for slow loading and the N load C rates for fast loading, then the load rate C for fast loading is adjusted for each section, it is possible to carry out fast loading at the same time that it is subjected to degradation similar to that of slow loading.
    [064] Figure 3 is a diagram showing reasons for
    16/25 voltage capacity corresponding to a plurality of C rates according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    [065] In Figure 3, an X axis designates a SOC%, while an Y axis designates a stress capacity ratio. Figure 3 shows the voltage capacity ratios for the reference C load rate (about 0.5 C), the first C load rate (about 0.8 C), the second C load rate (about 1.1 C) and the third charge rate C (about 1.4 C).
    [066] With reference to Figure 3, it can be seen that the first and second load rates are similar due to voltage capacity at the reference load rate C in a section where the SOC is about 15% at about 70%, and the first load rate C is similar due to the stress capacity at the reference load rate C in a section where the SOC is about 70% to about 80%.
    [067] Figure 3 represents the voltage capacity ratio for the reference load rate C, until the SOC reaches about 90%. The reason is due to the following: after the SOC of battery 10 has reached about 90%, the CV loading is performed and, thus, the variation in voltage becomes substantially zero.
    [068] In order to adjust the load rate C for each section of SOC, the load current adjustment unit 140 compares the voltage capacity ratio of the reference load rate C with the voltage capacity ratios of the N C load rates, and then the C load rate for reducing or minimizing a difference in voltage rating for each SOC section is adjusted among the N load C rates.
    [069] In one embodiment, the load current adjustment unit 140 first selects a section of SOC in which a difference between the voltage capacity ratio of the reference load rate C and the voltage capacity ratio of the N- th charge rate C that has the highest value of
    17/25 all of the N charge C rates are within a range (for example, a predefined range), among all the SOC sections of the battery, and then adjust the charge rate C of the selected SOC section for the N- th charge rate in step S10. In this context, the range (for example, the predefined range) is a value that can be adjusted by a user in view of the characteristics of the battery.
    [070] Subsequently, among the SOC sections other than the selected SOC section, the SOC section in which a difference between the stress capacity ratio of the reference load rate C and the stress capacity ratio of one (Nl ) -th C charge rate is within a predefined range is selected and the C charge rate of the selected SOC section is set to the (Nl) -th charge C rate in step S20.
    [071] The load current adjustment unit 140 can repeatedly perform step S20, for the (N-2) -th charge rate C, for the first charge rate C in the same or substantially the same mode, in step S30.
    [072] The process mentioned above is performed as follows: the voltage capacity ratio of the N-th C load rate which is the highest of all N load C rates, and the capacity-to-stress ratio of the rate Reference load C, are first compared to each other, and then the stress capacity ratios of the C load rates, which are reduced sequentially, are compared with the stress capacity ratio of the reference load rate C. When there is a plurality of C load rates, with a difference in voltage capacity within a predefined range, in a specific SOC section, this is intended to adjust the highest C load rate of all for fast charging for the charge rate C of the specific SOC section.
    [073] In addition, the load current adjustment unit 140 can adjust the load rate C of the SOC section where the rate C of
    18/25 load is not adjusted through the process mentioned above, for the reference load rate C.
    [074] From now on, steps S10 to S30 will be described with reference to Figure 3.
    [075] With reference to Figure 3, first, the load current adjustment unit 140 determines whether or not a SOC section is present in which a difference between the voltage capacity ratio of the reference load rate C and the voltage capacity ratio of the third charge rate C is within a predefined range. In this example, it is assumed that Figure 3 has no SOC section in which the difference between the reference load rate C stress capacity ratio and the third load rate C stress capacity ratio is within the preset track.
    [076] Next, the load current adjustment unit 140 determines whether the SOC section is present or not, in which the difference in voltage capacity ratio between the reference load rate C and the second rate C of load is within the predefined range. In Figure 3, it is assumed that the section in which the SOC is from about 15% to about 70% is determined as the section of SOC that is within the predefined range. In this case, the load current adjustment unit 140 can adjust the load rate C of the section in which the SOC is from about 15% to about 70%, to about 1.1 C.
    [077] In the initial section of Figure 3 where the SOC is from about 0% to about 15%, it can be seen that the voltage capacity ratio changes rapidly. This is due to an increase in voltage overload as the charge rate C is applied to battery 10. In this way, the charge rate C of the initial section can be adjusted, not by comparison to the voltage capacity ratios of the rates Load C with each other, but using the load C rate, which is adjusted for the SOC section subsequent to the initial section. In other words, the load rate C of the initial section in which the SOC is
    19/25 from about 0% to about 15% can be adjusted to around 1.1 C.
    [078] Next, the load current adjustment unit 140 determines whether the SOC section or not is present, in which the difference in voltage capacity ratio between the reference load rate C and the first load rate C load is within the predefined range, among the SOC sections other than the section where the SOC is from about 15% to about 70%. In Figure 3, it is assumed that the SOC section that is in the range from about 70% to about 80% is determined as the SOC section, which is within a predefined range. In this case, the load current adjustment unit 140 can adjust the load C rate of the SOC section, which is in the range of from about 70% to about 80%, to about 0.8 C.
    [079] The load current adjustment unit 140 can adjust the load rate C of the section where the load rate C is not adjusted, through the process mentioned above, to the reference load rate C.
    [080] Thus, the rate C, which is adjusted for each section of SOC by the load current adjustment unit 140, can be represented as in Table 1 below.
    Table 1
    SOC [%] LOAD RATE C 0 to 15 1.1 C 15 to 70 1.1 C 70 to 80 0.8 C 80 to 90 0.5 C
    [081] As shown in Table 1, MCU 110 performs control operations so that battery 10 is charged at the charge rate C that is adjusted for each section of SOC.
    [082] MCU 110 can perform direct current (DC) charging or CCCV charging for each SOC section.
    [083] If battery charging 10 is performed by DC charging, the first SOC section, which is any of the
    20/25 SOC sections, can be loaded by providing the load adjustment rate C for the first SOC section until the battery voltage 10 becomes the load cutoff voltage, which is adjusted for the first section SOC.
    [084] Here, when battery 10 is charged at the charge rate C that is set for the first SOC section, the charge cutoff voltage set for the first SOC section can be a voltage when the SOC of battery 10 is makes it a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [085] Figure 4 is a diagram showing a method in which DC loading is performed on each section of SOC in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
    [086] Referring to Figure 4, in the first DC charging section where the SOC is from about 0% to about 70%, the battery is charged at about 1.1 C. In the second charging section of DC where the SOC is about 70% to about 80%, the battery is charged at about 0.7 C. In the third DC charging section where the SOC is from about 80% to about 90 %, the battery is charged at about 0.5 C.
    [087] In Figure 4, a first voltage curve shows a change in voltage when the battery is charged by about 1.1 C, a second voltage curve shows a change in voltage when the battery is charged by about 0, 8 C and a third voltage curve shows a change in voltage when the battery is charged by about 0.5 C.
    [088] Referring to Figure 4, the load shedding voltage in the section where the SOC is from about 0% to about 70% can be about 4.1 V, that is, the battery voltage when the SOC of battery 10 in the first voltage curve reaches about 70%, which is the final SOC of the first DC charging section.
    [089] That is, the C charge rate of about 1.1 C is provided for battery 10 in the SOC section which is in the range of from about 0% to about
    21/25 70% until the battery voltage 10 reaches the load cut-off voltage, so that the first DC charge is performed. Subsequently, in the next section, that is, the SOC section that is in the range of about 70% to about 80%, the charge rate C of about 0.8 C is provided for battery 10, so that the second DC load is performed.
    [090] If battery 10 charging is performed by CCCV charging, DC charging is performed on the first SOC section (which is one of the SOC sections) providing the charge rate C, adjusted for the first SOC section, for battery 10 until the battery voltage becomes the load cut-off voltage set for the first SOC section. Then, the reduced charge rate C is sequentially supplied to battery 10 until the battery SOC becomes the final SOC of the first SOC section, so that the CV loading is performed.
    [091] Here, when battery 10 is charged at the charge rate C which is set for the second section of SOC, that is, the section subsequent to the first section of SOC, the cut-off voltage set for the first section of SOC SOC can be a voltage when the SOC of battery 10 becomes the final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [092] Additionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the rate of charge C reduced sequentially can be reduced to a rate C of charge, which is adjusted for the SOC section subsequent to the first SOC section.
    [093] Figure 5 is a diagram showing a method in which CCCV loading is performed on each section of SOC in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
    [094] Referring to Figure 5, a first CCCV loading section is a section where the SOC is from about 0% to about 70%, a second CCCV loading section is a section where the
    22/25
    SOC is about 70% to about 80% and a third CCCV loading section is a section where the SOC is about 80% to about 100%.
    [095] In Figure 5, a first voltage curve represents a change in voltage when the battery is charged by about 1.1 C, a second voltage curve represents a change in voltage when the battery is charged by about 0, 8 C and a third voltage curve represents a change in voltage when the battery is charged by about 0.5 C.
    [096] Referring to Figure 5, the first CCCV charging section is loaded as follows: first, about 1.1 C is supplied to battery 10 until the battery voltage reaches the charge cut-off voltage, so that DC charging is performed. In this case, the load shedding voltage is about 4.0 V at which the SOC of the battery in the second voltage curve becomes about 70% which is the final SOC of the first CCCV charging section.
    [097] Subsequently, the C charge rate of about 1.1 C is reduced sequentially to the C charge rate of about 0.8 C which is adjusted for the second CCCV loading section, so that the charging CV is performed.
    [098] The DC charging performed in each SOC section is faster in charging speed than the CCCV charging, however it is slightly faster in battery degradation speed 10 than the CCCV charging.
    [099] Figure 6 is a diagram showing a comparison between a rate of capacity recovery when slow loading or fast loading is repeated and a rate of capacity recovery when the loading method of the present invention is applied.
    [0100] Referring to Figure 6, the slow loading and loading method of the present invention show similar results: as
    23/25 the number of loading and unloading operations increases, the rate of capacity recovery is reduced. However, it can be observed that the capacity recovery rate obtained when fast loading is performed with a load C rate higher than that of slow loading, it is quickly reduced as the number of loading and unloading operations exceeds 150 times. .
    [0101] In the present document, it is described that the slow loading is similar in capacity recovery rate to the loading method of the present invention. This means that the electrochemical properties of the battery are similar in slow charging and fast charging using the present invention. In addition, it can be seen that it is possible to use the battery for an extended period of time as in slow charging, even when the fast charging of the present invention is repeated.
    [0102] Additionally, in the event that the slow charge was performed, it took about 142 minutes to reach the full charge state. Additionally, in the case of the charging method of the present invention, it took about 95 minutes to complete the charging operation. In the case of fast charging, it took about 98 minutes to complete the charging operation. That is, it can be seen that the loading method of the present invention is similar in loading speed to comparable fast loading.
    [0103] Figure 7 is a flow chart showing an entire process of a battery charging method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
    [0104] First, the voltage capacity ratios are obtained, respectively, for the reference C load rate and the N (where N is an integer of 1 or more) C load rates, which are greater than the reference charge rate C, in step S100.
    24/25 [0105] Step S100 includes step S100-1 of charging the battery with the reference charge rate C and then obtaining the voltage capacity ratio to the reference charge rate C, and step S100- 2 to discharge the battery, charge the battery with the first charge rate C, which is raised by a predefined value compared to the rate C of the previous charging step, and then obtain the voltage capacity ratio for the first charge rate C of charge. Step S100-2 can be repeated N times in order to obtain the stress capacity ratios for the first at Nth load rates C.
    [0106] Subsequently, the stress capacity ratio of the reference load C rate is compared with the stress capacity ratio of each of the N load C rates, and then the C load rate is adjusted from within the N load C rates, so that a difference in voltage capacity for each SOC section is reduced or minimized, in step S200.
    [0107] In one embodiment, step S200 includes step S200-1 of selecting a SOC section in which a difference in voltage capacity ratio between the reference load rate C and the Nth load rate C is within a predefined range, among all the SOC sections of the battery, and then adjust the charge C rate of the selected SOC section to the Nth charge C rate, and step S200-2 of selecting a SOC section where a difference in voltage capacity ratio between the reference charge C rate and the (N-1) th charge rate C is within a predefined range, outside the SOC sections of the battery except for the SOC section selected, and then adjust the load rate C of the selected SOC section to the (Nl) -th load rate C. Step S200-2 can be repeated in the same or substantially the same way for (N-2) -th to the first charge rate C.
    [0108] Finally, battery 10 is charged at the charge rate C which is adjusted for each section of SOC, in step S300.
    25/25 [0109] According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the number of battery charge and discharge operations reaches a predefined amount, steps S100 to S200 can be performed again in order to readjust the charge rate C to each SOC section.
    [0110] The reason is because the battery is degraded as the number of charging and discharging operations increases, so that a similarity in voltage capacity between the charge rate C, which is adjusted first for each section SOC, and the reference charge rate C may vary.
    [0111] Exemplary achievements have been presented in this document, and although specific terms are used, they are used and should be interpreted in a generic and descriptive sense, and not for the purpose of limitation. In some cases, as may be evident to an individual skilled in the art such as in connection with the filing of the present application, features, characteristics and / or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone or in combination with features, characteristics and / or elements described in connection with other achievements unless specifically indicated otherwise. Consequently, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various suitable changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set out in the following and equivalent claims thereof.
    1/6
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    Claims
    1. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    obtain a stress capacity ratio for a reference load rate C and a stress capacity ratio for N (where N is an integer of 1 or more) load rates C greater than the reference load rate C, where each of the voltage capacity ratios for the reference load C rate and the N load C rates are defined as a ratio of a voltage change to a capacity change depending on a change in state (SOC) charge of a battery (10) when the battery (10) is charged at a corresponding rate among rates C;
    compare the stress capacity ratio of the reference load rate C to each of the stress capacity ratios of the N load C rates and then adjust a load C rate of the N load C rates so that a difference in ratio voltage capacity is minimized for each of the SOC sections; and charge the battery (10) with the charge rates C corresponding to the SOC sections.
    [2]
    2. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that obtaining the voltage capacity ratios comprises:
    charge the battery (10) with the reference charge rate C, and then obtain the voltage capacity ratio to the reference charge rate C; and discharge the battery (10) and then charge the battery (10) with a first charge rate C higher than the rate C of a previous charging act by a predefined value, thereby obtaining a corresponding ratio among
    2/6 the voltage capacity ratios for the first charge rate C, where the discharge and then the battery recharge (10) are repeated N times in order to obtain the voltage capacity ratios for the first charge rate C charge for an N-th charge rate C.
    [3]
    3. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the battery discharge (10) is performed by discharging direct current-direct voltage (CCCV).
    [4]
    4. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the comparison of the voltage capacity ratio comprises:
    select a SOC section in which a difference in voltage capacity between the reference C charge rate and the Nth charge C rate is within a predefined range, for all battery SOC sections (10) and then adjust a load rate C of the selected SOC section to the Nth load rate C; and select a SOC section in which a difference in voltage capacity between the reference C load rate and a (N-1) th C load rate is within a predefined range, for SOC sections other than the section of SOC selected and then set a load rate C of the selected SOC section to the (Nl) -th load rate C, where the selection of the SOC section is performed repeatedly to a (N-2) -th charge rate C for the first charge rate C in substantially the same manner.
    [5]
    5. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that a charge C rate of a section of the SOC sections in which any of the N unadjusted charge C rates is adjusted to the rate Reference load C.
    3/6
    [6]
    6. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that, during the charging of the battery (10), the charging of direct current (DC) or charging of direct current-direct voltage (CCCV) is executed in each of the SOC sections through the use of a corresponding rate among the C load rates.
    [7]
    7. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that, when battery charging (10) is performed by DC charging, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is provided with a fee corresponding to the C charge rates and is then charged until a battery voltage (10) reaches a set load shedding voltage set for the first SOC section.
    [8]
    8. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that, when the battery (10) is charged at the charge rate C corresponding to the first SOC section, a charge cut voltage adjusted for the first SOC section is a voltage in which the battery SOC (10) becomes a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [9]
    9. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that, when the battery charging (10) is performed by charging CCCV, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is subjected to the charging of CC providing the corresponding rate among the C charge rates until the battery voltage (10) becomes a set load shedding voltage for the first SOC section and is subjected to continuous voltage (CV) charging providing if a charge rate C that is reduced sequentially until the battery SOC (10) becomes a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [10]
    10. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to
    4/6 with claim 9, characterized by the fact that the load shedding voltage set for the first SOC section is a voltage at which the SOC of the battery (10) becomes the final SOC of the first SOC section, when the battery (10) is charged at a rate C adjusted for a second SOC section which is a subsequent section to the first SOC section.
    [11]
    11. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the charge rate C which is reduced sequentially, is reduced to the charge rate C adjusted for the SOC section which is subsequent to the first section SOC.
    [12]
    12. BATTERY CHARGING METHOD, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that when a number of battery charging and discharging operations (10) reaches a predefined amount, obtaining the voltage capacity ratios and the comparison to the voltage capacity ratio are performed again to readjust the load C rates corresponding to the SOC sections.
    [13]
    13. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    a stress capacity ratio acquisition unit (130) configured to obtain a stress capacity ratio for a reference load rate C and stress capacity ratios for N (where N is an integer of 1 or more ) C load rates higher than the reference load C rate, where each of the stress capacity ratios for the reference load C rate and the N load C rates are defined as a ratio of a variation in voltage for a change in capacity depending on a change in SOC of a battery (10) when the battery (10) is charged at a corresponding rate among the C rates;
    a load current adjustment unit (140) configured to compare the load capacity ratio of
    5/6 reference with each of the N capacity C load rating ratios and then adjust a N-load C rating rate so that a difference in voltage capacity ratio is minimized for each of the SOC sections; and a microcontroller unit (MCU) (110) configured to control the charging of the battery (10) so that the battery (10) is charged at the charge rates C corresponding to the SOC sections.
    [14]
    14. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises:
    a detection unit (120) configured to detect a voltage and a current from the battery (10), in which the voltage capacity ratio acquisition unit (130) obtains a corresponding ratio among the voltage capacity ratios of any one charge C rates with the use of voltage and current that are detected by the detection unit (120), when the battery (10) is charged using any of the reference charge C rate and the N rates Load C.
    [15]
    15. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the MCU (110) is configured to perform DC loading or CCCV loading for each of the SOC sections, using a corresponding rate among C load rates.
    [16]
    16. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, according to claim 15, characterized by the fact that, when the battery charging (10) is carried out by the DC charging, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is subjected to the charging of DC providing a corresponding rate among the load C rates until a voltage of the
    6/6 battery (10) becomes a set load shedding voltage for the first SOC section.
    [17]
    17. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, according to claim 16, characterized by the fact that, when the battery (10) is charged at the charge rate C corresponding to the first SOC section, the charge cut-off voltage adjusted for the first SOC section is a voltage at which the battery SOC (10) becomes a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [18]
    18. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, according to claim 15, characterized by the fact that, when battery charging (10) is performed by CCCV charging, a first SOC section of the SOC sections is subjected to the charging of CC by providing the corresponding rate among the charge rates C until the battery voltage (10) becomes a set load shedding voltage for the first SOC section and is subjected to CV loading by providing the rate C charge that is reduced sequentially until the battery SOC (10) becomes a final SOC of the first SOC section.
    [19]
    19. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, according to claim 18, characterized by the fact that the load cutoff voltage set for the first SOC section is a voltage at which the battery SOC (10) becomes the final SOC from the first SOC section, when the battery (10) is charged at a rate C adjusted to a second SOC section which is a subsequent section to the first SOC section.
    [20]
    20. BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, according to claim 13, characterized by the fact that the charge rate C which is reduced is reduced to the charge rate C adjusted for the SOC section which is subsequent to a first section of SOC of SOC sections.
    1/5
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN105098876B|2019-08-06|
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    EP2947748B1|2018-04-18|
    KR20150133587A|2015-11-30|
    KR102248599B1|2021-05-06|
    EP2947748A1|2015-11-25|
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    US9634497B2|2017-04-25|
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    法律状态:
    2018-03-06| B03A| Publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention [chapter 3.1 patent gazette]|
    2018-06-05| B11A| Dismissal acc. art.33 of ipl - examination not requested within 36 months of filing|
    2018-08-21| B11Y| Definitive dismissal acc. article 33 of ipl - extension of time limit for request of examination expired|
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